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項目整合管理

Project Integration Management includes the processes and activities needed to identify, define, combine, unify, and coordinate the various processes and project management activities within the project Management Process Groups. In the project management context, integration includes characteristics of unifi cation, consolidation, articulation, and integrative actions that are crucial to project completion, successfully managing stakeholder expectations, and meeting requirements. Project Integration Management entails making choices about resource allocation, making trade-offs among competing objectives and alternatives, and managing the interdependencies among the project management Knowledge Areas.

Figure provides an overview of Project Integration Management processes, which are as follows:
1 Develop Project Charter—The process of developing a document that formally authorizes a project or a phase and documenting initial requirements that satisfy the stakeholder’s needs and
expectations.
2 Develop Project Management Plan—The process of documenting the actions necessary to define, prepare, integrate, and coordinate all subsidiary plans.
3 Direct and Manage Project Execution—The process of performing the work defi ned in the project management plan to achieve the project’s objectives.
4 Monitor and Control Project Work—The process of tracking, reviewing, and regulating the progress to meet the performance objectives defi ned in the project management plan.
5 Perform Integrated Change Control—The process of reviewing all change requests, approving changes, and managing changes to the deliverables, organizational process assets, project documents, and the project management plan.
6 Close Project or Phase—The process of fi nalizing all activities across all of the Project Management Process Groups to formally complete the project or phase.

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